The debate over net neutrality began in the late 1990s in the United States. Since then, it has been gaining momentum in several fields, generating dichotomous positions between different sectors. As a contribution to the debate, this paper attempts to separate the unquestionable principles — such as the need to preserve the Internet as a space that is open to innovation, and the freedom of users to access content and services — from the dogmas and beliefs that are put forward in the name of neutrality, but which affect the sustainable development of the digital ecosystem. Telecommunications networks and services and providers of content over the Net uphold the digital ecosystem, and it is essential that both can develop sustainably, with equivalent regulations and principles. Meeting certain basic principles in favour of competition and against arbitrary discrimination would create the conditions for fostering the development of the digital ecosystem.